Question 1

Describe Law of Thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics asserts that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

Question 2

Describe with figure different type of belt drive.

Accepted Answer

Belt drives transmit rotary motion and power between parallel shafts using a flexible band, primarily classified into Open and Cross belt drives.

Question 3

Define the coefficient of performance of Refrigerator.

Accepted Answer

The Coefficient of Performance (COP) of a refrigerator is the ratio of the desired cooling effect (heat extracted) to the net mechanical work required to drive the compressor.

Question 4

What is the pattern in casting process?

Accepted Answer

A pattern is a carefully scaled physical replica of the final desired cast product, used to form the hollow cavity in a sand mold.

Question 5

What is industrial engineering & its scope?

Accepted Answer

Industrial Engineering is a specialized branch focused on the optimization, design, and continuous improvement of complex integrated systems involving people, money, knowledge, and equipment.

Question 6

Differentiate between water tube and fire tube boiler?

Accepted Answer

In water-tube boilers, water flows inside the tubes while hot gases surround them, whereas in fire-tube boilers, hot gases flow inside the tubes surrounded by water.

Question 7

Write a short note on different type of power plants.

Accepted Answer

Power plants are massive industrial facilities dedicated to generating bulk electrical power from various primary energy sources like coal, water, or nuclear fission.

Question 8

What is the IP & BP in the Internal Combustion Engine?

Accepted Answer

Indicated Power (IP) is the total theoretical power generated by combustion inside the cylinder, while Brake Power (BP) is the actual usable power available at the engine's crankshaft.

Question 9

Describe modern tools used in Mechanical Engineering.

Accepted Answer

Modern mechanical engineering heavily relies on advanced digital tools like CAD/CAM software, CNC machining, and Additive Manufacturing (3D Printing).

Question 10

Differentiate between impulse and reaction turbine?

Accepted Answer

Impulse turbines operate purely by the kinetic impact of high-velocity water jets, while reaction turbines utilize both the pressure and kinetic energy of the flowing fluid.

Question 11

Explain any one type of water tube boiler with neat sketch.

Accepted Answer

The Babcock and Wilcox boiler is a prominent, high-pressure, horizontal water-tube boiler utilizing natural circulation to generate massive quantities of steam for thermal power plants.

Question 12

Explain differentiate between 2 stroke & 4 stroke engine.

Accepted Answer

Four-stroke engines are heavy, highly efficient, and complete a cycle in two crankshaft revolutions using mechanical valves. Two-stroke engines are light, less efficient, and fire every revolution using cylinder ports.

Question 13

How Cavitation can be eliminated by Pump?

Accepted Answer

Cavitation, the destructive implosion of vapor bubbles, is eliminated by maintaining high suction pressure, keeping the Net Positive Suction Head Available (NPSHa) strictly greater than the NPSH required.

Question 14

Describe with figure different types of belt drive?

Accepted Answer

Belt drives are categorized based on their cross-sectional geometry into Flat belts, V-belts, and Timing belts, each serving distinct industrial power transmission needs.

Question 15

What is air conditioning? Draw and describe different component used in it.

Accepted Answer

Air conditioning is the comprehensive treatment of indoor air to strictly control temperature, humidity, purity, and motion. It relies on a compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator.

Question 16

Explain the various stages of Heat treatment process?

Accepted Answer

The heat treatment of metals involves three highly controlled thermal stages: Heating the metal to a specific critical temperature, Soaking it at that temperature, and Quenching/Cooling it at a precise rate.

Question 17

Write short notes on - (i) Forging (ii) Drawing

Accepted Answer

Forging uses massive compressive blows to shape metal and improve strength, while drawing forcefully pulls metal through a tiny die to produce long wires or tubes.

Question 18

What is meant by refrigeration system? Describe vapor compression refrigerati…

Accepted Answer

A refrigeration system forcibly extracts heat from a low-temperature space and rejects it to a high-temperature environment. The Vapour Compression Refrigeration (VCR) system accomplishes this using a compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator.

Question 19

What is gear transmission? Describe different types of gear.

Accepted Answer

Gear transmission ensures positive, slip-free power transfer between shafts using interlocking toothed wheels. Primary types include Spur, Helical, Bevel, and Worm gears, categorized by shaft orientation.

Question 20

Describe rolling process with neat sketches.

Accepted Answer

Rolling is a massive industrial deformation process where metal is squeezed between heavy rotating cylinders to reduce its thickness, improve grain structure, and produce continuous plates or sheets.

Question 21

With a suitable sketch explain the working of centrifugal pump.

Accepted Answer

A centrifugal pump uses a high-speed rotating impeller enclosed in a volute casing to impart kinetic energy to water, which is then converted into high pressure to lift the fluid.

Question 22

Describe hardening and tempering of steel.

Accepted Answer

Hardening creates extreme wear resistance by quenching steel to form martensite. Tempering follows hardening to relieve internal stresses and restore vital toughness to the brittle steel.

Basic Mechanical Engineering