Question 1

**PART-A**

Accepted Answer

Surveying is the art and science of determining the relative positions of points on, above, or beneath the Earth's surface.

Question 2

Define Building Byelaws.

Accepted Answer

Building Byelaws are a set of rules and regulations framed by local authorities that govern building design and construction.

Question 3

Discuss the difference between Plinth area and Carpet area.

Accepted Answer

Plinth area includes the total built-up covered area with walls, while Carpet area is the actual usable floor space.

Question 4

Enlist any four traffic signs.

Accepted Answer

Traffic signs include Mandatory, Cautionary, Informatory, and Work Zone signs.

Question 5

Differentiate Foresight, Back sight and Intermediate sight.

Accepted Answer

Foresight is the last reading before shifting, Back sight is the first reading, and Intermediate sight is taken in between.

Question 6

What do you understand by 'Infrastructure' Development?

Accepted Answer

Infrastructure development refers to constructing fundamental physical and organizational structures essential for society.

Question 7

What is the Flow of energy in the ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Energy flows in a one-way direction through an ecosystem according to the 10% law.

Question 8

Write the name of two instrument used in linear measurements.

Accepted Answer

The metric chain and the steel tape are two common instruments used in linear measurements.

Question 9

Define latitude and longitude of a line.

Accepted Answer

Latitude is the projection of a survey line on the North-South meridian; Longitude (Departure) is on the East-West line.

Question 10

What do you mean by ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

An ecosystem is a dynamic biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

Question 11

**PART-B**

Accepted Answer

The two fundamental principles of surveying are working from whole to part and fixing new points using at least two measurements.

Question 12

Explain "how Orientation affects the ventilation of a building".

Accepted Answer

Building orientation optimizes natural ventilation by maximizing pressure differentials for airflow and minimizing unwanted solar heat gain to enhance the stack effect.

Question 13

Enlist any four important chemical characteristics of raw water. Mention the …

Accepted Answer

Key chemical characteristics of raw water include pH, Hardness, Chlorides, and Dissolved Oxygen, assessed using specific titrations and meters.

Question 14

Calculate plinth area, floor area and carpet area for the plan of a building …

Accepted Answer

Plinth Area is 47.12 sqm, Floor Area is 39.52 sqm, and Carpet Area is 33.52 sqm based on the provided plan dimensions.

Question 15

Write short note on "Energy recovery from recycling of solid waste".

Accepted Answer

Energy recovery from solid waste involves converting non-recyclable waste materials into usable heat, electricity, or fuel through various thermal and biological processes.

Question 16

Explain the methods to control noise pollution.

Accepted Answer

Noise pollution is controlled by intervening at the source, interrupting the transmission path, and protecting the receiver through planning and soundproofing.

Question 17

Write short note on "Transportation Engineering".

Accepted Answer

Transportation Engineering involves the application of technology and scientific principles to the planning, design, and management of transport systems.

Question 18

**PART-C**

Accepted Answer

Laying out a building involves transferring the architectural foundation plan onto the physical site using centerlines, pegs, and strings to ensure structural accuracy.

Question 19

Explain with a neat sketch constriction of a Prismatic compass.

Accepted Answer

A prismatic compass is a portable surveying instrument used to measure the Whole Circle Bearing of lines, featuring a prism for simultaneous sighting and reading.

Question 20

Discuss the components of a residential building with a neat figure.

Accepted Answer

A residential building comprises two main parts: the Sub-structure (foundation) below ground and the Super-structure (plinth, walls, roof) above ground.

Question 21

Discuss with neat sketch - (1) Hydrological cycle (2) Carbon cycle

Accepted Answer

The Hydrological cycle details the continuous movement of water on Earth; the Carbon cycle outlines the continuous exchange of carbon between living organisms and the environment.

Question 22

In traversing in anti-clock wise direction, the following readings were obser…

Accepted Answer

The interior angles of the given anti-clockwise closed traverse are calculated from the forward bearings to be: A=162°30', B=94°45', C=116°30', D=50°45', E=115°30'.

Basic Civil Engineering