Q5Indian Constitution

Article 21 of the Indian Constitution states: 'No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.' Through judicial interpretation (notably in Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India, 1978), the Supreme Court expanded this to require that any such procedure must be fair, just and reasonable, and read into it numerous implied rights including the right to live with dignity, right to privacy, right to a clean environment, and right to a speedy trial, making it one of the most expansively interpreted fundamental rights.