Q4Computer Architecture
Question
Q.4. What is Von-Neuman Architecture? Define.
Answer
Von-Neumann Architecture is a computer design in which both program instructions and data share the same memory and a single bus, executed sequentially by fetching, decoding, and executing one instruction at a time.
The Von-Neumann Architecture, proposed by John von Neumann, is a stored-program computer model in which both instructions and data are stored together in the same read-write memory, accessed via a single shared bus. The CPU repeatedly performs a fetch-decode-execute cycle, retrieving one instruction from memory at a time, which simplifies design but creates the 'Von-Neumann bottleneck' since the CPU cannot simultaneously fetch an instruction and access data over the shared bus, limiting throughput compared to architectures with separate instruction/data paths (e.g., Harvard architecture).