Q9Microwave Theory And Techniques
Question
2 marks
9. What are the five parameters of an antenna?
Answer
Radar applications include air-traffic control, military surveillance/tracking, weather monitoring, marine navigation, automotive collision-avoidance, and remote sensing (synthetic aperture radar for terrain mapping).
- Air-traffic control (ATC): ground-based radar tracks aircraft position for safe separation and routing at airports and in controlled airspace.
- Military surveillance and tracking: early-warning radar detects and tracks aircraft, missiles and ships; fire-control radar provides precision tracking for weapons guidance.
- Weather radar: detects and maps precipitation intensity and movement (Doppler weather radar additionally measures wind velocity within storm systems) for forecasting and severe-weather warning.
- Marine navigation radar: shipboard radar detects other vessels, coastlines and obstacles for collision avoidance in poor visibility.
- Automotive radar: short/medium-range radar for adaptive cruise control, collision warning, and autonomous-driving obstacle detection.
- Remote sensing / synthetic aperture radar (SAR): airborne or satellite radar imaging of terrain, ice, and vegetation, usable day or night and through cloud cover, unlike optical imaging.