Q6Biology
Question
2 marks
Mention the importance of gene.
Answer
A gene is the fundamental unit of heredity; it carries genetic information encoded in DNA that directs the synthesis of proteins and ultimately determines an organism's traits.
- Genes encode proteins or functional RNA molecules that carry out all biological processes.
- Genes are the units of heredity passed from parents to offspring during reproduction.
- Mutations in genes cause genetic diseases and drive evolutionary change.
- Gene expression (transcription and translation) controls development and differentiation.
- Regulatory genes control when, where, and how much of a protein is produced.
- Understanding genes is fundamental to medicine, agriculture, biotechnology, and evolutionary biology.