Analog & Digital Communication

Write any two applications of FM and AM each.

Define the frequency range use for FM.

Give the equations of modulation index for AM.

Draw the block diagram of communication system.

List the name of noises encountered in digital communication.

What is the need for time division multiplexing?

Give the definition of VSB (Vestigial Side Band) modulation.

List out the applications of pulse code modulation techniques.

State Sampling Theorem.

State Nyqist criterion.

Explain the advantages and disadvantages of Digital modulation schemes.

An FM signal with single-tone modulation has a frequency deviation of 15 kHz and a bandwidth of 50 kHz. Find the frequency of the modulating signal.

How to obtain zero ISI? Explain. Also, briefly describe ISI and raised cosine spectrum.

Define the terms equivalent noise figure and noise temperature, also derive an expression for equivalent noise figure and noise temperature of a cascaded amplifier.

With a neat block diagram, explain the PCM transmitter and receiver.

Explain the terms 'slope overload' and 'granular noise' in Delta modulation.

Draw the block diagram of the Superheterodyne receiver and explain its working.

Derive the equations of Angle modulation for FM and PM. Give the name of methods of generation/demodulation of Angle modulated signals.

Define the standard form of amplitude modulation, derive its equation, and explain each term. Derive the spectral equation of AM wave and hence draw the AM spectrum. Explain the following in brief w.r.t. AM (i) Envelope detector (ii) Square law detector

A given AM (DSB-LC) broadcast station transmits an average carrier power output of 40 kW and uses a modulation index of 0.707 for sine-wave modulation. Calculate: (a) The total average power output (b) The transmission efficiency (c) The peak amplitude of the output if the antenna is represented by a 50 ohm resistive load.

Write short notes on any two of the following : (i) Maximum likelihood sequence detection (Viterbi receiver) (ii) Equalization Techniques (iii) M-ary signalling scheme

Define the noise performance of FM system. Describe the need of Pre-emphasis and De-emphasis in analog communication.