Q21Digital Image Processing

Morphological image processing is a collection of non-linear operations related to the shape or morphology of features in an image. It relies on the ordering of pixels and uses a structuring element. The primary operations are dilation and erosion.

Dilation adds pixels to the boundaries of objects in an image, while erosion removes pixels on object boundaries. Opening (erosion followed by dilation) smooths the contour of an object, breaks narrow isthmuses, and eliminates thin protrusions. Closing (dilation followed by erosion) smooths sections of contours, fuses narrow breaks and long thin gulfs, eliminates small holes, and fills gaps in the contour.